Who holds the power in Iran's war and negotiation decisions?

Iran's Supreme Leader Mojtaba Khamenei and the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) hold decisive power over war and negotiation decisions, with President Masoud Pezeshkian granted only limited authority in US talks. The power shift follows US and Israeli strikes that killed former Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei in February. Security chief Mohsen Rezaei, a former IRGC commander, now coordinates top national security files and received a letter from US Vice President JD Vance, while parliament speaker Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf remains chief negotiator. Iran demands an end to the naval blockade, sanctions relief, and recognition of its role in managing the Strait of Hormuz before broader nuclear talks. A June memorandum of understanding with Washington collapsed after Tehran accused the US of violations, leading to renewed attacks on shipping and escalation. Analysts say Iran seeks US commitments before making concessions, creating a formidable obstacle despite both sides wanting to avoid another war.