UN COP31 climate summit opens in Antalya amid energy crisis

The UN COP31 climate summit has opened in Antalya, Turkey, following a year of deadly heatwaves and floods, with the war in Iran disrupting global energy markets. Delegates are arriving for the conference, which runs until November 20, focusing on emissions cuts, electrification, methane reduction, and urban resilience. The conflict has closed the Strait of Hormuz, spiking fuel and fertilizer prices and reigniting energy security debates. UN climate chief Simon Stiell warned progress is "by no means sufficient or fair," urging governments to meet existing commitments. Climate finance for developing nations and gas's role will dominate talks, with over 90,000 participants expected and world leaders meeting November 11-12.