Solar EV charging station control boosts efficiency and battery accuracy

A new study proposes a coordinated framework for solar-powered electric vehicle charging stations, reporting improved efficiency and battery management through four key technical contributions. The research introduces a fuzzy-adaptive MPPT algorithm achieving 98.1% tracking efficiency, outperforming fixed-step methods, and an extended Kalman filter that reduces battery state-of-charge estimation error from 2.45% to 0.118%. A model-predictive-control energy management system lowers operating costs by 6.8%, while a Lyapunov-based stability analysis certifies converter dynamics under switching conditions. Simulations show 93.6% system efficiency with DC-bus regulation within ±5% and 14.2% grid dependency. Only the MPPT and SOC estimation were hardware-tested on an ESP8266 prototype, achieving 91.2% efficiency, closely matching simulation. The MPC dispatch and stability proof remain simulation-only, with hardware validation planned for future work.