Over 30 mammal species in New Mexico carry hantavirus

Researchers in New Mexico have found that over 30 small mammal species can carry hantavirus, not just deer mice. This discovery comes from a study led by Dr. Steven Bradfute at the University of New Mexico. The study was published in the journal PLOS Pathogens and analyzed more than 1,500 small mammals collected from 2019 to 2023. Hantavirus outbreaks first emerged in North America in 1993. New Mexicans have been warned to watch for deer mice, known carriers of the virus. In recent years, about 35% of patients with hantavirus have died, often experiencing severe symptoms. The research team identified the virus, particularly the sin nombre strain, in various species, including ground squirrels, chipmunks, and house mice. People are most likely to contract the virus through inhaling aerosolized droppings from these mammals. One question remains: why are most hantavirus cases still reported in the Four Corners area? Preliminary findings do not indicate significant genetic differences in the virus across regions in the state. Researchers are also investigating whether there could be unrecognized cases in southeastern New Mexico. To avoid infection, people should take precautions when cleaning up rodent droppings. Wearing an N95 mask and using gloves is advised. Spraying droppings with a bleach solution can help, and areas should be well-ventilated. Notably, unlike some viruses, hantavirus does not spread from person to person. Bradfute emphasizes the importance of caution but reassures that the risk of transmission is currently low.