Humans developed language capacity at least 135,000 years ago

A new study suggests that the capacity for human language has been present for at least 135,000 years. Researchers believe that language started to be used socially around 100,000 years ago. The study, led by Shigeru Miyagawa, a professor at MIT, used genomic data to understand the origins of human language. Previous estimates of when language originated varied widely. Researchers now think that since all human languages likely share a common origin, analyzing when human populations began to branch out geographically can help answer the question. Miyagawa stated that all language-bearing populations must have had the capacity for language about 135,000 years ago. The study reviewed 15 genetic studies over the past 18 years. These studies identified patterns of genetic variation that suggest how early humans moved and adapted in different regions. The findings indicate a significant split among human groups around 135,000 years ago. This divergence led to different genetic variations over time as people settled in various areas. The research takes into account more studies than previous analyses and refines the timeline for language development. Linguists like Miyagawa believe all human languages are interconnected. He also pointed out that the ability to form complex language differs from the communication systems of other animals, which do not have the same structure of words and grammar. Evidence from archaeology shows that symbolic activities began to appear around 100,000 years ago. This includes markings on objects and the use of various materials. These activities suggest that sophisticated thinking, prompted by language, was becoming more common among humans. Miyagawa acknowledges that there are differing views on how language developed. Some experts believe the emergence of new activities, including language, was more gradual. He emphasizes the need for continued research into the evolution of human language and communication. Overall, the study marks an important step in understanding the origins of language and its role in human development. Researchers hope that this work will inspire further exploration in this fascinating area of study.