Glacier loss threatens food and water for 2 billion

The UN has issued a warning about the rapid melting of glaciers, which poses a serious threat to the food and water supply of 2 billion people worldwide. A recent Unesco report describes this phenomenon as "unprecedented," driven largely by the ongoing climate crisis. The report highlights that two-thirds of all irrigated agriculture globally could be impacted by shrinking glaciers and reduced snowfall. Over 1 billion people live in mountainous regions, many of whom are already facing food insecurity. This problem is expected to worsen because these communities rely heavily on water from melting snow and glaciers. The risk is not limited to developing countries. For instance, in the United States, the Colorado River basin has faced drought conditions since 2000. Higher temperatures mean more rain falls instead of snow, leading to faster runoff and worsening drought. Audrey Azoulay, the director general of Unesco, stressed the importance of mountains and glaciers for everyone. She emphasized the need for urgent action to address this crisis. Research from the World Meteorological Organisation shows that the rate of glacier loss is the worst on record. The past three years have seen the largest recorded loss of glacier mass, particularly affecting areas like Norway, Sweden, and the Andes. Eastern Africa has lost 80% of its glaciers, while glaciers in the Alps and the Pyrenees have shrunk by about 40%. Melting glaciers also change the landscape, replacing reflective ice with dark soil that absorbs more heat. This alters the climate system and can lead to more avalanches and sudden floods from pooling meltwater. Experts warn that if global warming continues unchecked, half of all glaciers could disappear by the end of the century. These glaciers are crucial freshwater sources for billions of people, and their loss would have far-reaching impacts on agriculture and industry. Alvaro Lario, president of the International Fund for Agricultural Development, called for increased support for communities in mountain regions. He noted that while mountains provide essential freshwater, those living in these areas are often the most food insecure. Investing in their resilience is vital for protecting water resources and ensuring a sustainable future for everyone.