Shifting thalassemia care in India from management to prevention

India faces a significant thalassemia burden, with millions of carriers and thousands of affected children born annually. The focus is shifting from managing this severe genetic disorder to preventing it. Prevention strategies include carrier screening through simple blood tests and advanced reproductive options like IVF with Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT-M). These tools empower couples to make informed decisions and reduce the incidence of Thalassemia Major. Countries like Cyprus and Iran have successfully reduced new cases through national screening programs. India's National Health Mission also recommends antenatal screening, highlighting the achievable potential of prevention.