Scientists reveal key mechanism of sperm and egg fusion in new life formation

Scientists in Austria have discovered how sperm and egg cells fuse to create new life, likening the process to a lock and key. This research, published in the journal Cell, reveals that three proteins on sperm form a key that unlocks the egg. Previously, only two proteins were known to be involved in this process. The team used artificial intelligence to identify a new protein that facilitates the initial connection between sperm and egg. This mechanism has been found to be consistent across various vertebrates. While the study clarifies the recognition process, scientists are still investigating how sperm enters the egg after attachment. The findings may aid in understanding infertility and developing male contraceptives.