Global study finds diverse microbial life thriving deep underground

A new global study published in Science Advances reveals diverse microbial life thriving deep beneath Earth's surface. Conducted by Emil Ruff and his team, the research shows these ecosystems can rival surface biodiversity, with life found up to 4,375 meters underground. The study highlights that microbes in extreme conditions, particularly in the Archaea domain, exhibit biodiversity comparable to tropical forests. It also compares marine and terrestrial microbial communities, showing distinct compositions shaped by unique environmental pressures. Additionally, the research suggests that Earth's subsurface ecosystems may provide insights into the potential for life on Mars. The study utilized consistent DNA sequencing methods across over 1,000 samples, enhancing data comparisons across different environments.