Finland stages Europe's largest civil defense exercise since WWII, eyeing Russia

Finland is conducting Europe's largest civil defense exercise since World War II, with over 2,000 participants rehearsing responses to cyberattacks and potential missile strikes from Russia in the city of Kuopio. The exercise simulates disruption to critical infrastructure, including power and water, and involves conscripts, volunteers, and students practicing shelter operations in underground bunkers. Organizers emphasize Finland's conscription system and civilian preparedness as key to national defense, drawing lessons from Ukraine's experience. Finnish officials note increased cyberattacks and suspicious activity on energy infrastructure since Russia's 2022 invasion of Ukraine, though intelligence services found no confirmed threats. Veterans recall past wars with the Soviet Union, while participants stress the importance of self-reliance and community responsibility for national security.