China's population projected to drop to 634 million by 2100

China's population is projected to plummet from 1.42 billion to 634 million by 2100, a 55% decrease, due to low birth rates and the legacy of the one-child policy. In contrast, India's population will peak at 1.7 billion before declining. Pakistan is expected to become the third-most populated country by 2053, reaching 511 million by 2100. Sub-Saharan Africa will see significant growth, contributing nearly 1 billion people.