Brazil's National Justice Council replaces judge retirement penalty with dismissal

Brazil's National Justice Council eliminated compulsory retirement as a judge disciplinary sanction, replacing it with permanent removal from office after a final court ruling. The resolution follows Flávio Dino's March ruling that the 2019 pension reform made compulsory retirement unconstitutional. If the council imposes dismissal, the Attorney General's Office must sue within 30 days; local removal decisions require CNJ review. The rule applies only to ongoing disciplinary cases, not previous penalties. CNJ President Edson Fachin said 14 judges have been removed since September 2025. A 60-day comment period on conflict-of-interest rules opened.