Biochar-ferrite composite removes lead ions from water with 398 mg/g capacity

Researchers developed a new biochar-based magnetic adsorbent that removes lead ions from water with a maximum capacity of 398.4 mg per gram, significantly outperforming the individual materials. The composite, made by loading nickel-cobalt-copper ferrite nanoparticles onto biochar via hydrothermal synthesis, showed improved adsorption under acidic conditions. Testing revealed chemisorption through surface functional groups and heterogeneous adsorption sites, with the lower biochar ratio (0.2 g) proving most effective. The material maintained high removal efficiency across multiple regeneration cycles and in the presence of competing metal ions, offering a promising solution for lead-contaminated water treatment.