Astrobiologists explore new frameworks to study life beyond Earth

Astrobiologists are developing new frameworks to study how life might emerge from different chemical conditions beyond Earth. They aim to understand complex systems and the potential for life forms that differ significantly from those on our planet. Since the discovery of exoplanets in 1995, over 5,000 have been identified, many in habitable zones where conditions may support life. Researchers are exploring various definitions of life and considering alternative biochemistries, such as solvents other than water. Recent discussions among scientists suggest that complex systems, whether biological or not, may evolve through natural selection. They are also investigating mineral signatures and technosignatures, like artificial lights, as potential indicators of life beyond Earth.