Apple uses mathematical proofs to secure post-quantum encryption

Apple is using mathematical proofs to ensure its new encryption, designed to resist future quantum computer attacks, is secure after traditional testing missed flaws. The company's corecrypto library, used across billions of devices, is being transitioned to post-quantum cryptography. Mathematical verification confirms its ML-KEM and ML-DSA code aligns with NIST standards. This effort addresses the risk that quantum computers could break current encryption. Apple's formal verification process, developed with Galois, uncovered bugs missed by conventional testing.