Algorithm designs expandable 3D lattices for space-saving structures

Researchers from Harvard University and Tokyo University have developed a new algorithm for designing expandable 3D lattice structures inspired by origami and kirigami. The team created collapsible scissored surfaces and pantographic lattices using rods and joints, similar to Hoberman spheres. The algorithm allows for incremental construction of complex structures through simple local rules, building joint-by-joint rather than from the whole form downward. Using multi-material 3D printers, the team designed and assembled objects of varying shapes including helices, toroids, and eggboxes, requiring only a small set of design parameters. The collapsible structures offer practical benefits for applications where volume is a performance limit, such as spacecraft, submarines, and cargo airplanes, potentially reducing costly trips. The researchers note the geometric elegance of the structures may inspire more designers to incorporate collapsibility into their products.